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B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review

Eva Negri1, D'Anna Little, Mauro Boiocchi

  • 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy. evanegri@marionegri.it

International Journal of Cancer
|June 9, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is linked to B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) in specific regions, with a weak association. Even in high-prevalence areas, HCV accounts for a small percentage of B-NHL cases.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) patients varies geographically.
  • Previous studies show inconsistent associations between HCV and B-NHL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review HCV prevalence in B-NHL case series.
  • To determine the odds ratio of B-NHL associated with HCV infection where control groups were available.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of case series focusing on B-NHL.
  • Analysis of HCV infection prevalence and odds ratios for B-NHL in relation to HCV.

Main Results:

  • High HCV prevalence in B-NHL observed in Southern/Eastern Europe, Japan, and Southern US, but not in Northern/Central Europe, Canada, Northern US, or some Asian countries.
  • The odds ratio for B-NHL associated with HCV infection was generally weak, ranging from 2 to 4.
  • HCV accounts for a low percentage (up to 10%) of B-NHL cases, even in high-prevalence regions, explaining study inconsistencies.

Conclusions:

  • Geographic variations in HCV prevalence influence the observed association with B-NHL.
  • The causal link between HCV and B-NHL, if present, contributes minimally to the overall burden of B-NHL.
  • Further research into potential mechanisms of action is warranted.

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