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New positive inotropic agents in the treatment of left ventricular dysfunction
Leonardo De Luca1, Paola Proietti, Gian Luca Palombaro
1Department of Cardiovcascular and Respiratory Sciences, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. leodeluca@virgilio.it
Abstract:
Three major classes of inotropic agents have been clinically evaluated in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: a) agents that increase the intracellular concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate by stimulating the beta-adrenergic receptor or inhibiting phosphodiesterase; b) drugs that increase the intracellular sodium concentration; c) the new calcium-sensitizing drugs. This review will focus on the newest drug for each of the above-mentioned classes of inotropic agents. Moreover, we present a new protocol which provides the use of levosimendan in patients with post-ischemic left ventricular dysfunction.
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