Ventral hernia repair in bariatric surgery

Obesity is an important risk factor for perioperative complications including the development of ventral hernias.

This retrospective study comprises patients who underwent abdominal hernia repair simultaneously with or following implantation of a Swedish Adjustable Gastric Band(R) (SAGB).

9 out of 415 patients (2.2%) who received a SAGB between January 1996 and June 2001 underwent ventral hernia repair. In 6 patients, hernias preexisted from previous abdominal surgery at the time of the bariatric procedure, and another 3 hernias occurred at the median and left upper abdominal trocar position following SAGB placement. Median BMI at time of SAGB implantation was 44 (range 35-52), and at time of hernia repair was 36 (range 25-46). 2 hernias were repaired during SAGB placement, 3 during redo surgery, and 2 during abdominoplasty. In 2 patients, significant weight loss with loss of soft tissue support of the hernia sac led to recurrent episodes of small bowel obstruction necessitating emergency repair. Repair included direct defect closure in 7 patients and sublay polypropylene net implantation in 2 patients. Recoveries have been uneventful without wound infections or recurrence in all patients after a median follow-up of 34 months (range 13-69).

In morbidly obese patients, the optimal management and timing of incisional hernia repair should weigh the risk of recurrence and perioperative complications against the risk of hernia-associated complications.