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Prosthetic joint infection with Pasturella multocida following cat scratch: a report of 2 cases

Hemang Mehta1, Ian Mackie

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Nevill Hall Hospital, Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Arthroplasty
|June 10, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Cat scratch disease can lead to rare infections of total hip arthroplasty (THA) with Pasteurella multocida, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Prompt surgical intervention and follow-up are crucial for successful outcomes in these challenging cases.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) failure can result from infections, with Gram-negative organisms causing delayed or secondary infections.
  • Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida), a Gram-negative bacillus, is a common commensal in animals but can cause opportunistic infections.

Observation:

  • Two immunocompromised patients developed P. multocida infections in their total hip arthroplasties (THAs) following cat scratches.
  • One patient underwent a 1-stage revision surgery due to the initial unclear etiology of the infection.

Findings:

  • Both patients required revision arthroplasty for P. multocida hip joint infection.
  • Post-revision follow-up ranged from 18 months to 2 years, with successful outcomes reported for both cases.

Implications:

  • This case series highlights the potential zoonotic transmission of P. multocida to orthopedic implants via animal contact, specifically cat scratches.
  • Immunocompromised status is a significant risk factor for developing P. multocida TJA infections.
  • Effective management involves surgical revision and appropriate antibiotic therapy, emphasizing the importance of considering animal-associated pathogens in TJA infections.

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