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Hepatic abscesses in cats: 14 cases (1985-2002)
Jennifer S Sergeeff1, P Jane Armstrong, Susan E Bunch
1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|June 11, 2004
Summary
Hepatic abscesses in cats often present with vague signs and sepsis, leading to a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis via ultrasonography is crucial for improving outcomes in feline hepatic abscess cases.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Comparative Pathology
- Feline Health
Background:
- Hepatic abscesses are uncommon but serious infections in cats.
- Limited data exists on feline hepatic abscesses compared to dogs and humans.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe clinical signs, clinicopathologic findings, and outcomes of hepatic abscesses in cats.
- To compare feline hepatic abscess findings with those in dogs and humans.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 14 cats diagnosed with hepatic abscesses.
- Analysis of clinical signs, physical examination, clinicopathologic data, and diagnostic imaging (ultrasound).
- Review of cytologic evaluation, microbial cultures, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Vague clinical signs (anorexia, lethargy, weight loss) were common; fever was infrequent.
- Elevated liver enzymes (ALT, ALP) and ultrasound abnormalities were noted in a subset of cats.
- Multifocal abscesses were associated with sepsis; polymicrobial infections (E. coli) were frequent.
- High mortality rate (79%); survivors required surgery (hepatectomy) and medical management.
Conclusions:
- Hepatic abscesses should be considered in cats with signs of sepsis.
- Ultrasonography can aid in earlier diagnosis and potentially improve prognosis.
- Feline hepatic abscesses share similarities but also exhibit differences compared to canine and human cases.