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Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and lipid profiles in Kuwaiti children with type 1 diabetes

M Alsaeid1, M A A Moussa, M Z Haider

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.

Pediatric Diabetes
|June 11, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism influences lipid profiles in Kuwaiti children with type 1 diabetes, particularly the DD genotype. Poor glycemic control and elevated cholesterol contribute to increased lipoprotein(a) levels, suggesting a link to cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Cardiovascular Health
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes in children is associated with dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism is implicated in cardiovascular health.
  • Understanding the interplay between ACE genotype, lipid profiles, and CVD risk factors in diabetic children is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ACE gene polymorphism and lipid profiles in Kuwaiti children with type 1 diabetes.
  • To explore the relationship between ACE genotypes, lipid parameters, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • To determine the influence of ACE polymorphism on dyslipidemia and potential CVD risk in this pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 125 children with type 1 diabetes and 125 age- and gender-matched healthy controls.
  • Evaluation of serum lipids (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL-c, TG, apo A1, apo B, Lp(a)) and HbA1c.
  • Analysis of ACE gene polymorphism (II, ID, DD genotypes) and its correlation with clinical and biochemical parameters.

Main Results:

  • Genotype distributions were similar between diabetic children and controls, with a higher frequency of the DD genotype.
  • Diabetic children with the DD genotype exhibited significantly higher total cholesterol, HDL, and apo A1 levels.
  • Elevated Lp(a) levels were associated with a family history of CVD and correlated with HbA1c, particularly in cases of poor glycemic control. Logistic regression identified increased TC and poor glycemic control as significant predictors of elevated Lp(a).

Conclusions:

  • ACE polymorphism may partially contribute to CVD risk in children with type 1 diabetes, mediated by factors like poor glycemic control, total cholesterol, and Lp(a) levels.
  • The DD genotype is associated with altered lipid profiles in diabetic children.
  • Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to elucidate the role of ACE polymorphism in CVD development in this population.
Abstract

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