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Thrombosis and cancer.

Ajay K Kakkar1

  • 1Department of Surgical Oncology and Technology Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.

The Hematology Journal : the Official Journal of the European Haematology Association
|June 11, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent complication in cancer patients. Heparin therapies are effective for VTE prevention and treatment, and low-molecular-weight heparins may also improve survival in solid tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant complication in cancer patients, impacting surgical management and chemotherapy.
  • The risk of VTE varies among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
  • Heparin, including unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), is established for VTE prevention and treatment in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the established roles of unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin in managing venous thromboembolism in cancer patients.
  • To highlight recent findings on the potential survival benefits of LMWH in solid tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on heparin efficacy and safety in cancer-associated VTE.
  • Analysis of data regarding LMWH use in surgical cancer patients, chemotherapy patients, and those with solid tumors.

Main Results:

  • Heparin therapies are validated for preventing and treating VTE in cancer patients undergoing surgery.
  • Heparin is effective for primary treatment and secondary prevention of recurrent VTE in cancer patients.
  • Emerging evidence suggests LMWH may prolong survival in patients with solid tumors.

Conclusions:

  • Unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin are crucial for managing VTE in cancer care.
  • LMWH shows promise beyond anticoagulation, potentially offering survival advantages in solid malignancies.

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