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[Emerging and reemerging diseases: a health problem in the Americas]

Guillermo Mesa Ridel1, Iraida Rodríguez Luis, Julio Teja

  • 1Centro Latinoamericano de Medicina de Desastres, Calle 18 No. 710, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. mesa@clamed.sld.cu

Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica = Pan American Journal of Public Health
|June 15, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Emerging infectious diseases like malaria and SARS significantly impacted the Americas from 1999-2003. Effective surveillance and rapid response systems are crucial for combating future epidemics.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • The Region of the Americas faced significant health impacts from emerging and reemerging infectious diseases between 1999-2003.
  • Key diseases included malaria, yellow fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, AIDS, anthrax, SARS, hantavirus, and West Nile virus.
  • Factors contributing to disease spread include biological, social, economic elements, international trade, population movement, microbial adaptability, and public health system weaknesses.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the major emerging and reemerging infectious diseases impacting the Americas.
  • To identify the contributing factors to the spread of these diseases.
  • To recommend strategies for combating epidemics.

Summary:

  • Malaria, yellow fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, AIDS, anthrax, SARS, hantavirus, and West Nile virus were the most impactful diseases in the Americas (1999-2003).
  • Disease emergence is linked to biological, social, and economic factors, exacerbated by globalization and public health system deficiencies.
  • Effective epidemic control requires prioritizing disease surveillance and implementing early warning and rapid response systems.

Impact:

  • Countries must prioritize surveillance and implement robust early warning and rapid response systems to mitigate the effects of infectious disease epidemics.
  • A comprehensive strategy involves integrated personnel, laboratories, and communication networks linking health services.
  • Adequate funding and supportive policies are essential for successful disease control initiatives.

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