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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Lycopene and prostate cancer.

N J Barber1, J Barber

  • 1Department of Urology, St George's Hospital, London, UK.

Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases
|June 15, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Lycopene, an antioxidant found in tomatoes, is being studied for its role in prostate cancer prevention. Current evidence suggests a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, including tomatoes, is beneficial.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Oncology
  • Carotenoid Research

Background:

  • Diet and supplements are increasingly discussed regarding prostate cancer.
  • Antioxidants, particularly carotenoids, are of significant interest.
  • Lycopene, a carotenoid in tomatoes, is a focus for its potential anticancer properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biology and chemistry of lycopene.
  • To examine the scientific basis for lycopene's proposed anticancer effects.
  • To evaluate evidence for urologists regarding lycopene and prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of lycopene's biological and chemical properties.
  • Analysis of studies on lycopene's association with prostate cancer.
  • Evaluation of current scientific data and clinical recommendations.

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Main Results:

  • Lycopene is the carotenoid responsible for the red color in fruits and vegetables.
  • Research is ongoing into lycopene's potential role in preventing and managing prostate cancer.
  • Evidence supports recommending a diet abundant in fruits and vegetables, including tomato products.

Conclusions:

  • While lycopene shows promise, definitive evidence for high-dose supplements is lacking.
  • A balanced diet rich in diverse fruits and vegetables is the primary recommendation.
  • Urologists can advise patients on incorporating tomatoes and tomato-based products into their diet.