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Related Experiment Videos

Pattern formation by vascular mesenchymal cells.

Alan Garfinkel1, Yin Tintut, Danny Petrasek

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA. agarfinkel@mednet.ucla.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 16, 2004
PubMed
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Adult mesenchymal cells self-organize into patterns, mimicking embryonic development. This process, driven by molecular morphogens via reaction-diffusion, may explain tissue formation in conditions like atherosclerosis.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cellular self-organization
  • Tissue morphogenesis

Background:

  • Mesenchymal cells are crucial for tissue formation during embryogenesis.
  • Pathological tissue organization, resembling embryogenesis, occurs in atherosclerotic lesions.
  • Vascular mesenchymal cells can form bone-like tissue within artery walls.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the self-organization patterns of multipotential adult vascular mesenchymal cells in vitro.
  • To determine if reaction-diffusion models can predict these self-organization patterns.
  • To identify specific molecular morphogens involved in mesenchymal cell patterning.

Main Methods:

  • Culturing multipotential adult vascular mesenchymal cells in vitro.
  • Utilizing a mathematical reaction-diffusion model to predict cell patterning.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Identifying activator and inhibitor morphogens.
  • Comparing in vitro observed patterns with model predictions.

    • Main Results:

    • Adult vascular mesenchymal cells self-organized into distinct patterns in vitro.
    • These patterns, including stripe, spot, and labyrinthine structures, were accurately predicted by the reaction-diffusion model.
    • Specific activator and inhibitor morphogens were identified that drive these patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • Reaction-diffusion principles are fundamental to the self-organization of adult mesenchymal cells.
    • These principles may explain morphogenetic processes in adult mesenchymal cells, including pathological conditions like atherosclerosis.
    • The study provides a mechanistic understanding of how molecular interactions lead to complex tissue patterns.