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Statistics in the pharmacy literature.

Charlene M Lee1, Herpreet K Soin, Thomas R Einarson

  • 1Master of Science Student, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada University Health Network, Toronto.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|June 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Statistical methods are prevalent in pharmacy research, with nearly all articles using descriptive statistics and a majority employing inferential statistics. Understanding these common statistical terms is crucial for pharmacists.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacy Research
  • Biostatistics
  • Scientific Literature Analysis

Background:

  • High-quality research literature relies on robust statistical methodologies.
  • Previous reports have documented statistical term usage in pharmacy journals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the frequency and types of statistical terms and procedures in pharmacy research.
  • To analyze statistical practices in selected professional pharmacy journals.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of 144 research articles published in 2001 across 6 key pharmacy journals.
  • Two independent reviewers identified and recorded descriptive and inferential statistical terms in methods, results, and discussion sections.
  • Frequencies and percentages of each statistical term/procedure were calculated.

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Main Results:

  • Descriptive statistics were used in 98% of articles; 28% used only descriptive statistics.
  • Common descriptive terms included percentage (90%), mean (74%), standard deviation (58%), and range (46%).
  • Inferential statistics were used in 69% of articles, with chi-squared (33%), Student's t-test (26%), and ANOVA (14%) being most frequent.

Conclusions:

  • Statistical terms and procedures are nearly ubiquitous in pharmacy research articles.
  • Pharmacy education should cover common statistical terms to enhance critical appraisal of research.
  • Improved understanding of statistics will aid pharmacists in utilizing research findings effectively.