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Updated: Jul 28, 2026
06:28
Endotoxin Activity Assay for the Detection of Whole Blood Endotoxemia in Critically Ill Patients
Published on: June 24, 2019
[Septic shock].
Vestnik Khirurgii Imeni I. I. Grekova
|June 18, 2004
Summary
Sepsis and septic shock (SSH) treatment is challenging, with high mortality rates. Immunomodulating therapies, including anti-cytokine drugs and immune response regulators, significantly reduced lethality in SSH patients.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Sepsis and septic shock (SSH) present a significant clinical challenge with increasing patient numbers and poor treatment outcomes.
- SSH incidence varies widely, from 10% in post-polytrauma infections to 50% in gram-negative sepsis with burn disease.
- Analysis of 165 peritonitis-associated SSH patients revealed a high lethality rate of 64%.
Purpose:
- To investigate the role of immune disorders in SSH pathogenesis, leading to generalized inflammation and multi-organ failure.
- To evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive immunomodulating therapies in improving SSH patient outcomes.
Summary:
- SSH pathogenesis involves immune dysregulation, causing systemic inflammation and polyorganic insufficiency.
- Recommended treatments include non-specific anti-cytokine agents (e.g., pentoxifylline) and immune response regulators (e.g., roncoleukin, porcine spleen perfusion).
- Timely immunomodulatory therapy halved the lethality rate in SSH patients from 64% to 32%.
Impact:
- Highlights the critical role of immune dysregulation in SSH.
- Demonstrates the potential of immunomodulating strategies to improve survival rates in sepsis and septic shock.
- Provides evidence for integrating novel immunotherapies into clinical practice for managing severe infections.
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