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West Nile virus, Guadeloupe.

René Quirin1, Michel Salas, Stéphan Zientara

  • 1Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe, French West Indies.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|June 18, 2004
PubMed
Summary

West Nile virus (WNV) was detected in Guadeloupe through serologic testing in horses and chickens in 2002. A follow-up study revealed a high rate of WNV seroconversion in horses six months later.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging arbovirus with significant public health and veterinary implications.
  • The potential introduction and spread of WNV in island ecosystems like Guadeloupe require careful monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of West Nile virus (WNV) in the archipelago of Guadeloupe.
  • To assess the serologic evidence of WNV infection in equine and avian populations.

Main Methods:

  • A serologic study was conducted in 2002 involving horses and birds.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM, and seroneutralization tests were employed.
  • Follow-up serologic testing was performed on horses six months after the initial study.

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Main Results:

  • WNV infection was identified in both horses and chickens through serologic assays.
  • A high rate of seroconversion, indicating recent or ongoing WNV exposure, was observed in the horse population after six months.

Conclusions:

  • The findings confirm the presence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Guadeloupe.
  • The study highlights the susceptibility of local horse populations to WNV and the potential for viral circulation.