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Evidence for generalized motor programs using gait pattern analysis.

D C Shapiro1, R F Zernicke, R J Gregor

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.

Journal of Motor Behavior
|March 1, 1981
PubMed
Summary
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Human gait analysis reveals that while absolute limb movement times decrease with speed, the relative timing of gait phases remains consistent within walking or running. However, distinct phase percentages and sequences differentiate walking from running.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Locomotion
  • Kinesiology

Background:

  • Understanding human gait is crucial for fields ranging from sports science to rehabilitation.
  • The role of relative timing of limb segments in different gaits and speeds requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze human intra-limb gait kinematics using statistical and structural pattern recognition.
  • To determine the function of relative timing of limb segments within and between walking and running modes.

Main Methods:

  • Five experienced runners were filmed during walking (3-6 km/h) and running (8-12 km/h) on a treadmill.
  • Kinematic data included the relative timing of the four phases of the Philippson step cycle and intersegmental limb trajectories.
  • Angle-angle diagrams were used to analyze limb trajectories.

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Main Results:

  • Absolute time durations decreased with increased speed, but relative timing within gaits remained constant.
  • Despite speed increases, the percentage of time spent in each Philippson phase did not significantly change within walking or running.
  • Significant differences in time percentages and sequences of step cycle phases were observed between walking and running.

Conclusions:

  • The relative timing of gait phases is maintained across speeds within a given gait mode (walking or running).
  • Distinct differences in phase timing and sequencing exist between walking and running.
  • While overall gait patterns show coherence, specific phase correspondences vary with gait type and speed.