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Genetic parameters for stillbirth in Danish Holstein cows using a Bayesian threshold model.

M Hansen1, M S Lund, J Pedersen

  • 1Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Research Centre Foulum, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark. mxh@lr.dk

Journal of Dairy Science
|June 19, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Genetic variation for stillbirth in first-calving Holstein cows exists for both direct and maternal effects. These genetic factors can be incorporated into breeding programs to improve calf survival rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Genetics
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Dairy Science

Background:

  • Stillbirth in dairy cattle, particularly Holstein-Friesian breeds, poses significant economic and welfare challenges.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of stillbirth is crucial for developing effective breeding strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To infer direct and maternal genetic variation for stillbirth in first-calving Holstein cows.
  • To estimate the effects of breed and heterosis on stillbirth in Danish Black and White and Holstein-Friesian cattle.

Main Methods:

  • A Bayesian threshold model incorporating correlated genetic effects of sires and maternal grandsires was employed.
  • Gibbs sampling was used to obtain marginal posterior distributions of effects.
  • Data including and excluding twins were analyzed, with models considering breed and heterosis effects.

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Main Results:

  • Direct heritability for stillbirth was estimated at 0.10 (0.014), and maternal heritability at 0.13 (0.015).
  • The genetic correlation between direct and maternal effects was 0.05 (0.10).
  • A tendency for increased stillbirth with a higher proportion of Holstein-Friesian genetics was observed, though not statistically significant for breed or heterosis effects.

Conclusions:

  • Significant genetic variation exists for stillbirth at first calving, encompassing both direct and maternal components.
  • Both direct and maternal genetic effects should be considered in future dairy cattle breeding programs to reduce stillbirth rates.