Biological and clinical aspects in laser hair removal

In the past century, unwanted hair has been traditionally treated with multitudes of techniques that were found to be slow, tedious, painful, impractical, and resulted in poor long-term efficacy. Consequently, there has been a public demand for a novel, rapid, reliable, safe, and affordable hair removal technique. In the last decade, laser and light-based technology for hair removal became one of the fastest growing procedures in modern cosmetic dermatology.

To discuss the latest scientific and clinical issues in the field of photoepilation as evolved in the past decade: hair biology, laser physics and skin optics, technology and clinical experience.

From substantial clinical experience, it becomes apparent that in the ideal subject with fair skin and dark hair, a single treatment can reduce hair by 10-40%; three treatments by 30-70%; and repeated treatments by as much as 90%. These results persist for as long as 12 months. Diffuse and perifollicular cutaneous erythema and pigmentary changes are the most common adverse side effects. Most complications are generally temporary.

Photoepilation, when properly used, offers clear advantages when compared with older, traditional techniques. Although an ever-increasing number of published studies have confirmed the safety and short and long-term efficacy of photoepilation, the technology still has limits and risks.