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Moniliformin in Norwegian grain.

S Uhlig1, M Torp, J Jarp

  • 1National Veterinary Institute, Department of Feed and Food Hygiene, Ullevaalsveien 68, PO Box 8156 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway. silvio.uhlig@vetinst.no

Food Additives and Contaminants
|June 19, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Moniliformin contamination is prevalent in Norwegian grains, particularly wheat, though high levels are infrequent. This fungal metabolite is linked to Fusarium infection and growing seasons.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Mycology
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Moniliformin is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species.
  • Fusarium species are common pathogens of cereal crops.
  • Mycotoxin contamination in grains poses a risk to human and animal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and levels of moniliformin in Norwegian oats, barley, and wheat.
  • To explore the association between moniliformin contamination and the presence of Fusarium species.
  • To assess the impact of grain species and growing season on moniliformin contamination.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 73 oats, 75 barley, and 83 wheat samples from 2000-02 growing seasons.
  • Quantification of moniliformin using ion pairing reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array ultraviolet detection.

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  • Extraction and cleanup using acetonitrile/water and strong anion exchange columns.

    • Main Results:

    • Moniliformin detected in 25% of barley, 32% of oats, and 76% of wheat samples.
    • Maximum moniliformin concentrations were 380 (barley), 210 (oats), and 950 (wheat) µg kg⁻¹.
    • Significant correlations found between moniliformin levels and grain species, growing season, and Fusarium infection (F. avenaceum/arthrosporioides, F. culmorum).

    Conclusions:

    • Norwegian grain exhibits high prevalence of moniliformin, especially wheat.
    • Field conditions in Norway may not favor high-level moniliformin contamination.
    • Further research is needed to understand the factors influencing moniliformin accumulation in grains.