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Severe pneumococcal sepsis and meningitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults with sickle cell disease

B Godeau1, D Bachir, A Schaeffer

  • 1Sickle Cell Disease Center, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|August 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) face frequent and severe pneumococcal infections. This study highlights the critical need for vigilance in managing these coinfections.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Pneumococcal infections are common in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) but less so in adults.
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a known risk factor for pneumococcal infections.
  • The clinical outcomes of HIV in adults with SCD require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD).
  • To assess the incidence and severity of pneumococcal infections in HIV-infected adults with SCD.

Main Methods:

  • A 6-year retrospective study involving 283 adults with SCD.
  • Screening for HIV type 1 and HIV type 2 infections.
  • Analysis of the clinical course of HIV infection and pneumococcal disease in affected patients.

Main Results:

  • HIV type 1 infection was detected in 8 out of 283 adults with SCD.
  • Five episodes of severe pneumococcal infection (septic shock, meningitis) occurred in 4 HIV-infected patients.
  • Two HIV-infected patients died from pneumococcal meningitis.
  • A significantly higher incidence of severe pneumococcal infection was observed in HIV-infected SCD patients compared to non-HIV-infected SCD patients (P = .000001).

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected adults with SCD experience frequent and serious pneumococcal infections.
  • Pneumococcal disease poses a significant threat to HIV-infected adults with SCD.
  • Enhanced monitoring and preventive strategies are crucial for this vulnerable population.

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