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Thyroid disorders in chronic hepatitis C.

Alessandro Antonelli1, Clodoveo Ferri, Alessandro Pampana

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy. a.antonelli@med.unipi.it

The American Journal of Medicine
|June 24, 2004
PubMed
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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is linked to a higher prevalence of hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity. These thyroid disorders are more common in HCV patients compared to healthy individuals or those with hepatitis B.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Hepatology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects millions globally.
  • The relationship between HCV infection and thyroid dysfunction requires further investigation.
  • Thyroid disorders can impact overall health and disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the prevalence of thyroid disorders.
  • To compare thyroid function and autoimmunity in HCV patients with control groups and hepatitis B patients.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 630 patients with chronic HCV infection (without cirrhosis, hepatocarcinoma, or interferon treatment).
  • Included control groups: 389 from iodine-deficient areas, 268 from iodine-sufficient areas, and 86 with chronic hepatitis B.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), anti-thyroglobulin, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies.

    • Main Results:

    • HCV patients exhibited higher mean TSH levels (P=0.001) and lower free T3 and free T4 levels (P<0.0001) compared to all other groups.
    • Hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 13% of HCV patients.
    • Increased prevalence of anti-thyroglobulin (17%) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (21%) antibodies was observed in HCV patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic hepatitis C infection is associated with a higher incidence of hypothyroidism.
    • Thyroid autoimmunity is more prevalent in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
    • These findings hold true even in the absence of cirrhosis, hepatocarcinoma, or interferon treatment.