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Pattern and process in Amazon tree turnover, 1976-2001.

O L Phillips1, T R Baker, L Arroyo

  • 1Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. o.phillips@geog.leeds.ac.uk

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|June 24, 2004
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Amazonian forests show increased tree turnover, with both tree recruitment and mortality rising across all regions over two decades. This indicates widespread environmental changes are stimulating forest growth and productivity.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Forest Science
  • Tropical Ecology

Background:

  • Previous studies indicated increased tree turnover, biomass, and liana densities in tropical forests.
  • These findings suggested shifts in forest processes impacting carbon stocks, fluxes, and biodiversity.
  • However, limited plot data and short monitoring periods led to controversy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze regional tree turnover patterns in Amazonia over 25 years using improved datasets.
  • To determine if turnover changes are widespread or localized.
  • To investigate if changes are driven by recruitment, mortality, or both.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized extensive Amazonian datasets spanning 25 years.
  • Analyzed tree recruitment and mortality rates across different regions and soil types.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed temporal trends in turnover, recruitment, and mortality.

    • Main Results:

    • Tree turnover is twice as fast on richer soils (southern/western Amazonia) compared to poorer soils (eastern/central Amazonia).
    • Turnover rates have increased throughout Amazonia in the last two decades.
    • Both mortality and recruitment rates have risen significantly, with recruitment exceeding mortality.
    • Absolute increases in recruitment and mortality are highest in western Amazonia.
    • Mortality appears to lag recruitment regionally.

    Conclusions:

    • Widespread environmental changes are stimulating Amazon forest growth and productivity.
    • Observed trends are not artifacts and cannot be explained by mortality drivers alone, as biomass has increased.
    • Increased tree turnover signifies a dynamic shift in Amazonian forest ecosystems.