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The buccinator muscle: an original morphogenetical study.

E Plas1, P Deliac, A Garuet Lempirou

  • 1Laboratoire de Physiologie Elémentaire et Intégrée du Système Nerveux et Endocrinien Groupe Motricité, Laboratoire de Physiologie du Mouvement, CNRS UMR 5543, Université de Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France. dr.plas.eric@wanadoo.fr

Morphologie : Bulletin De L'Association Des Anatomistes
|June 25, 2004
PubMed
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This study details the embryogenesis of the buccinator muscle, revealing its role in facial development and its connection to the orbicularis oris muscle. It clarifies that the buccinator does not function as a sphincter for parotid gland secretions.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Embryology
  • Histology

Background:

  • The buccinator muscle, innervated by the facial nerve, originates from the second pharyngeal arch and plays a role in various buccal functions.
  • Its complex structure extends from the pterygo-mandibular ligament to the modiolus, contributing to facial musculature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the embryogenesis and developmental trajectory of the human buccinator muscle.
  • To elucidate the buccinator muscle's anatomical origins and its relationship with adjacent structures like the orbicularis oris.

Main Methods:

  • Microdissection of embryonic and fetal head and neck samples under a binocular microscope.
  • Histological sectioning and Masson's trichrome staining for microscopic observation.
  • Analysis of developmental changes from the 70th week of gestation onwards.

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Main Results:

  • Observed peri-mucous mesenchyme between the first pharyngeal arch cartilage and Meckel's cartilage from the 70th week.
  • Identified the buccinator muscle's insertion on the modiolus and its role in forming the orbicularis oris.
  • Documented the downward displacement of the buccinator's posterior insertion during facial growth, influenced by dentition.

Conclusions:

  • The buccinator muscle's development is intricately linked to facial growth and the formation of the oral sphincter.
  • The study refutes a sphincter role for the buccinator muscle in parotid gland secretion.
  • Provides a detailed embryological and developmental understanding of the buccinator muscle.