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Bacteriophages that infect the cellulolytic ruminal bacterium Ruminococcus albus AR67.

A V Klieve1, P A Bain, M T Yokoyama

  • 1Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Agency for Food and Fibre Sciences, Moorooka, Queensland, Australia. athol.klieve@dpi.qld.gov.au

Letters in Applied Microbiology
|June 25, 2004
PubMed
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Researchers isolated novel phages infecting Ruminococcus albus, key rumen bacteria. These findings reveal viral impacts on cellulolytic populations, fiber degradation, and animal nutrition.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Rumen Ecology

Background:

  • Ruminococcus albus is a crucial cellulolytic bacterium in the rumen.
  • Bacterial viruses (phages) play significant roles in microbial ecosystems.
  • Understanding phage-rumen bacterium interactions is vital for ruminant digestion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize bacteriophages that infect Ruminococcus albus.
  • To investigate the diversity of phages targeting rumen cellulolytic bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of phages under anaerobic conditions using soft-agar overlay.
  • Characterization of phage morphology, stability, and genetic material (DNA).
  • Identification of phage families based on structural and genetic properties.

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Main Results:

  • Four phages infecting R. albus AR67 were successfully isolated.
  • Two phages (phiRa02, phiRa04) exhibited icosahedral virions with double-stranded DNA (Podoviridae family).
  • Two phages were identified as filamentous with single-stranded DNA (Inoviridae family).

Conclusions:

  • This study reports the first isolation of Inoviridae phages from rumen bacteria.
  • These are the initial phages demonstrated to infect rumen cellulolytic bacteria.
  • Rumen cellulolytic populations are susceptible to phage lysis, potentially affecting fiber degradation and animal nutrition.