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Epidemiology of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in southern Spain

E J Calderón1, J M Varela, F J Medrano

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain. sandube@cica.es

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|June 25, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains a significant concern in Spain, affecting both HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. This study highlights the continued impact of PCP despite the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART).

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic infection.
  • Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced PCP incidence in HIV-positive individuals.
  • The impact of HAART on PCP in southern Spain requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the incidence and characteristics of PCP in southern Spain post-HAART introduction.
  • To compare PCP cases between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients.
  • To identify trends in PCP during 1998-1999.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of national surveillance data.
  • Inclusion of all PCP cases reported between 1998 and 1999.
  • Data compilation on patient demographics, HIV status, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 498 PCP cases were identified.
  • 87% of cases occurred in HIV-positive patients.
  • HIV-negative patients exhibited higher mean age, longer hospital stays, and increased mortality.
  • A seasonal peak in cases was observed during winter.

Conclusions:

  • PCP remains a significant public health issue in southern Spain.
  • Both HIV-positive and HIV-negative populations are affected by PCP.
  • Continued surveillance and preventative strategies are necessary.

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