HEMIAZYGOS CONTINUATION TO CORONARY SINUS WITH NORMAL LEFT INNOMINATE VEIN

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Anatomical Variations
• Vascular Surgery

Background:

• Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are uncommon but can lead to significant clinical implications.
• Persistent hemiazygos continuation is a rare IVC anomaly where the hemiazygos vein drains into the superior vena cava.
• Previous reports describe hemiazygos joining the homolateral superior vena cava.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a unique case of IVC anomaly with hemiazygos continuation to the coronary sinus.
• To highlight the distinct anatomical features compared to previously reported cases.
• To contribute to the understanding of rare cardiovascular malformations.

Main Methods:

• Case report detailing a patient's diagnosis.
• Review of relevant medical literature and imaging studies.
• Anatomical correlation and comparison with existing case series.

Main Results:

• A patient presented with an absent hepatic segment of the IVC.
• The hemiazygos vein demonstrated continuation and drainage into the coronary sinus.
• Associated findings included an atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus.
• The left innominate vein was normal, with a single right superior vena cava.

Conclusions:

• This represents the first reported case of hemiazygos continuation to the coronary sinus with a normal left innominate vein and single right superior vena cava.
• The findings expand the spectrum of known IVC anomalies and hemiazygos variations.
• Understanding these rare variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management in cardiovascular medicine.