Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026
A Teleoperated Robotic System-Assisted Percutaneous Transiliac-Transsacral Screw Fixation Technique
Published on: January 6, 2023
Dexterity enhancement with robotic surgery
1Department of Surgical Oncology and Technology, Imperial College, 10th Floor, QEQM Building, St. Marys Hospital, Praed Street, W2 1NY, London. k.moorthy@ic.ac.uk
Background:
The aim of this study was to quantify the extent of dexterity enhancement in robotic surgery as compared to laparoscopic surgery.
Methods:
Ten surgeons with varying laparoscopic suturing experience were asked to place three sutures on a suture pad. The sutures were placed laparoscopically, robotically with 2-D vision and robotically with 3-D vision. The da Vinci systems Application Programming Interface (API) was used for positional data. A validated motion analysis system was used for data retrieval for the laparoscopic task. Custom software was developed for data analysis.
Results:
Compared to laparoscopic suturing, when the task was undertaken robotically with 2-D vision there was a 20% reduction in the time taken but this was not significant (p = 0.07). There was a 55% reduction in the path traveled by the right hand (p = 0.01) and a 45% reduction in the path traveled by the left hand (p = 0.008). When the task was undertaken robotically with 3-D vision, there was a 40% reduction in the time taken (p = 0.01). There was a 70% reduction in the path traveled by right hand (p = 0.008) and a 55% reduction by the left hand (p = 0.08).
Conclusions:
The presence of wristed instrumentation, tremor abolition, and motion scaling enhance dexterity by nearly 50% as compared to laparoscopic surgery. 3-D vision enhances dexterity by a further 10-15%. In addition, the presence of 3-D vision results in a 93% reduction in skills-based errors.
