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Related Experiment Videos

An anatomic evaluation of the active compression test.

Michael A Parentis1, Christopher M Jobe, Marilyn M Pink

  • 1The Knee Center of Western New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
|June 29, 2004
PubMed
Summary

The active compression test reveals anatomical contact in internally rotated shoulders, aiding in diagnosing superior labrum anterior-posterior lesions. External rotation reduces this contact, providing diagnostic insights for shoulder pathology.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • The active compression test is a clinical maneuver used to evaluate shoulder pathology.
  • Understanding the anatomical interactions during this test is crucial for accurate diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the specific anatomic relationships occurring within the shoulder during the active compression test.
  • To correlate these anatomical findings with the diagnostic utility of the test.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized four pairs of cadaveric shoulders, embedded in polyurethane.
  • Evaluated shoulder specimens in both axial and coronal planes using a planer.
  • Simulated the active compression test in internally and externally rotated positions.

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Main Results:

  • In the axial plane, internal rotation showed contact between the lesser tuberosity, subscapularis tendon, superior glenoid, and labrum.
  • External rotation in the axial plane eliminated contact between superior shoulder structures.
  • In the coronal plane, internal rotation revealed contact between the supraspinatus tendon and the acromion.
  • External rotation in the coronal plane prevented contact between the supraspinatus tendon and the acromion.

Conclusions:

  • The active compression test demonstrates distinct anatomical contacts based on shoulder rotation.
  • These findings support the use of the active compression test in diagnosing superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions.
  • The test can also assist in identifying other forms of shoulder pathology.