[Arthrolysis of the elbow joint]

A stiff elbow is usually defined as having less than 30 degrees in extension or flexion less than 130 degrees. Most activities of daily living are possible if the elbow has a range of motion of 100 degrees (30-130 degrees of flexion, Morrey's arc of motion). Loss of motion of the elbow is not uncommon after trauma, burns, or coma and severely impairs upper limb function. Loss of motion may be difficult to avoid and is challenging to treat. Detailed analysis of the etiology and diagnostic evaluation is of utmost importance for planning any surgical intervention for elbow stiffness. Current operative techniques, such as arthroscopic or open arthrolysis and closed distraction with external fixation (arthrodiatasis), are presented and evaluated. Elbow arthrolysis is a technically demanding procedure, but if indication and techniques are used correctly and surgeon, physiotherapist, and patient are familiar with the procedure, good long-term results may be achieved.