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Updated: Jul 25, 2026

Fluorescent Dye Labeling of Erythrocytes and Leukocytes for Studying the Flow Dynamics in Mouse Retinal Circulation
Published on: July 3, 2017
The use of dye in ophthalmology
J K Singh1, F E Dhawahir, A F A Hamid
1The Western Eye Hospital, Marylebone Road, London NW1 5YE, UK. jasmin.singh@ukgateway.net
Abstract:
Dyes are used in current ophthalmological practice, both as diagnostic and therapeutic aids. Commonly used dyes include sodium fluorescein, indocyanine green, rose bengal and methylene blue. The properties of these agents are outlined, along with indications for their use. The article concentrates mainly on intravenous sodium fluorescein and fundus fluorescein angiography, although topical and intracameral use of other dyes is highlighted. Ocular tissue responses are discussed, in particular those of the retinal vasculature and choroidal circulation. The normal blood-retinal barriers and pathology of abnormal angiography findings is presented. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous dye are discussed, along with potential systemic complications.
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