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Updated: Aug 23, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
Published on: August 29, 2025
[Local evaluation of quality using generic measurement tools]
Vahé A Kazandjian1, Paula Vallejo
1Center for Performance Sciences, Elkridge, Maryland, USA. vkazandjian@cpsciences.com
Abstract:
Performance measurement and accountability are the most frequently encountered concepts across healthcare systems, although the tools used to put these concepts into practice vary. The aim of the present article was to discuss the tools (e.g., indicators) and user expectations (e.g., quality versus performance) of these tools in fulfilling healthcare's accountability mandate. In particular, the developments within the Spanish health system are discussed to illustrate how Spain has addressed, in a stepwise manner, the determinants of a national accountability model. Finally, a multinational project, The Maryland Quality Indicator Project, is presented as a popular framework for measuring performance.
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