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Updated: Aug 23, 2026

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
Published on: May 24, 2017
Effectiveness of the nicotine inhaler for smoking cessation in an OTC setting
Scott J Leischow1, James Ranger-Moore, Myra L Muramoto
1Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-7337, USA. scott.leischow@nih.gov
Objective:
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Nicotrol nicotine inhaler as an aid to smoking cessation in over-the-counter (OTC) versus health-care-provider (HCP) conditions.
Methods:
Five hundred twenty healthy smokers were randomized to the treatment conditions and followed for a year.
Results:
At most follow-up visits, abstinence rates for the HCP group were 2 to 3 times those observed in the OTC group. Abstinence at 1 year was.77% in the OTC condition versus 3.08% in the HCP condition [P<.01]. Inhaler use was low.
Conclusions:
OTC nicotine inhaler appears to be ineffective, though quit rates are improved with HCP assistance.
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