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Onychomycosis in central India: a clinicoetiologic correlation
Amit Garg1, Vimala Venkatesh, Mastan Singh
1Post Graduate Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical College, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India.
International Journal of Dermatology
|July 3, 2004
Summary
This study identified common causes of onychomycosis in central India, finding Distolateral subungual onychomycosis most frequent. Dermatophytes like Tricophyton rubrum and Candida albicans were the primary pathogens identified.
Area of Science:
- Medical Mycology
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Onychomycosis, a fungal nail infection, is primarily caused by dermatophytes but can also involve yeasts and nondermatophyte molds.
- Etiological agents and clinical presentations of onychomycosis can vary geographically.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate causative pathogens of onychomycosis in central India.
- To determine the clinical patterns of onychomycosis in this region.
- To correlate clinical presentations with identified etiological agents.
Main Methods:
- Nail samples were collected from 90 patients diagnosed with onychomycosis.
- Direct microscopic examination and fungal culture were performed on collected samples.
- Clinical patterns of onychomycosis were documented and analyzed.
Main Results:
- Distolateral subungual onychomycosis (64.44%) was the most prevalent clinical type.
- Tricophyton rubrum (23.07%) and Candida albicans (24.27%) were the most frequently isolated pathogens.
- Nondermatophyte molds were isolated in 39.58% of cases, sometimes in co-infection with Tricophyton rubrum.
Conclusions:
- Distolateral subungual onychomycosis is the most common clinical manifestation in central India.
- Tricophyton rubrum and Candida albicans are the leading causative agents of onychomycosis in this area.
- A single fungal pathogen can lead to diverse clinical presentations of onychomycosis.