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Compost odor control using high carbon wood ash.

P E Rosenfeld1, M A Grey, I H Suffet

  • 1Komex H2O Science, 11040 Santa Monica Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA. prosenfeld@losangeles.komex.com

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
|July 9, 2004
PubMed
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High carbon wood ash effectively reduced composting odors, particularly at higher concentrations. This study shows wood ash is a promising, feasible material for controlling compost emissions.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Waste Management
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Composting facilities often face challenges with odor emissions.
  • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like volatile fatty acids, aldehydes, and ketones contribute significantly to compost odor.
  • Effective odor control strategies are crucial for the sustainability of composting operations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of using high carbon wood ash as an amendment to control odor emissions from green material composting.
  • To determine the efficacy of different percentages of wood ash in reducing specific odorant compounds.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study was conducted at a green material composting facility.
  • Three treatment groups were established with varying volumes of high carbon wood ash (0%, 12.5%, and 25%) added to compost feedstock in separate windrows.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Odorant emissions were monitored and analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • The addition of high carbon wood ash significantly reduced compost odor emissions.
    • Higher percentages of wood ash (25%) demonstrated more effective odor control over a longer duration compared to lower percentages (12.5%).
    • Wood ash effectively treated volatile fatty acids, aldehydes, and ketones, although some compounds like acetaldehyde remained above odor threshold concentrations.

    Conclusions:

    • High carbon wood ash is a feasible and effective material for controlling odor emissions in green material composting.
    • The efficacy of wood ash in odor reduction increases with higher application rates.
    • Further research may be warranted to optimize wood ash application for complete odor elimination.