UV Raman demonstrates that alpha-helical polyalanine peptides melt to polyproline II conformations

We examined the 204-nm UV Raman spectra of the peptide XAO, which was previously found by Shi et al.'s NMR study to occur in aqueous solution in a polyproline II (PPII) conformation. The UV Raman spectra of XAO are essentially identical to the spectra of small peptides such as ala(5) and to the large 21-residue predominantly Ala peptide, AP. We conclude that the non-alpha-helical conformations of these peptides are dominantly PPII. Thus, AP, which is highly alpha-helical at room temperature, melts to a PPII conformation. There is no indication of any population of intermediate disordered conformations. We continued our development of methods to relate the Ramachandran Psi-angle to the amide III band frequency. We describe a new method to estimate the Ramachandran Psi-angular distributions from amide III band line shapes measured in 204-nm UV Raman spectra. We used this method to compare the Psi-distributions in XAO, ala(5), the non-alpha-helical state of AP, and acid-denatured apomyoglobin. In addition, we estimated the Psi-angle distributions of peptide bonds which occur in non-alpha-helix and non-beta-sheet conformations in a small library of proteins.