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Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

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Time and rate measures in choice transitions.

D T Cerutti¹, J E R Staddon

¹Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA. cerutti@psych.duke.edu

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior

|July 9, 2004

Summary

Pigeon experiments reveal that wait times and response rates are linked, especially when choice conditions change. These findings highlight the importance of temporal measures in understanding behavior under interval schedules.

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Area of Science:

Behavioral science
Animal behavior studies
Operant conditioning

Background:

Understanding the relationship between time and response rate is crucial in behavioral science.
Previous research has explored interval schedules, but the interplay between temporal measures and choice behavior requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between time measures (wait time) and rate measures (response rate) of behavior.
To examine these relationships under conditions of changing preference using different experimental schedules.
To explore the implications for fixed- and variable-interval procedures and free-operant choice.

Main Methods:

Three experiments were conducted with pigeons using concurrent chain and multiple chained schedules.
Schedules involved combinations of random-interval (RI) and fixed-interval (FI) initial and terminal links.
Data analyzed included session-average initial-link wait times and response rates.

Main Results:

Session-average initial-link wait-time differences were linearly related to session-average response-rate differences, particularly in Experiment 1.
Ratios of wait times and response rates were related by a power function in Experiments 1 and 3.
Weaker relations in Experiment 2 were attributed to the absence of response competition; initial-link changes lagged behind terminal-link changes in Experiments 1 and 2.

Conclusions:

Temporal measures, such as wait time, are significantly related to response rate measures in operant choice behavior.
The structure of the schedule (e.g., presence of response competition) influences the strength of these relationships.
Findings suggest that temporal aspects of behavior warrant greater attention in the study of interval schedules and choice.