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Expression of a tumor-associated antigen, RCAS1, in canine mammary tumors

Yasuhiko Okamura1, Tomoya Haraguchi, Masahiro Morimoto

  • 1Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Japan.

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
|July 9, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) is highly expressed in canine mammary tumors, correlating with malignancy. RCAS1 expression may promote tumor progression by inducing apoptosis in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), aiding immune evasion.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) is a novel cancer cell-surface antigen implicated in immune evasion.
  • RCAS1 inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and induces apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate RCAS1 expression in canine mammary tumors.
  • To determine the correlation between RCAS1 expression and tumor malignancy.
  • To assess the impact of RCAS1 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs).

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate RCAS1 protein expression in canine mammary tissues.
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was assessed.
  • Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was performed to detect DNA fragmentation in TILs.

Main Results:

  • All canine mammary tumor cell lines expressed RCAS1 at both mRNA and protein levels.
  • RCAS1 was absent in normal mammary glands but present in 100% of malignant tumors.
  • RCAS1 expression and cytoplasmic localization correlated significantly with malignancy, and DNA fragmentation was observed in CD3-positive TILs within RCAS1-expressing tumors.

Conclusions:

  • RCAS1 expression is significantly associated with malignancy in canine mammary tumors.
  • RCAS1 may contribute to tumor progression and immune escape by inducing apoptosis in TILs.
  • RCAS1 represents a potential therapeutic target in canine mammary cancer.

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