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PANDAS: current status and directions for research.

L A Snider1, S E Swedo

  • 1Pediatrics & Developmental Neuropsychiatry Branch, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. SniderL@intra.nimh.nih.gov

Molecular Psychiatry
|July 9, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS).

The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology·2001

Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) are a subgroup of childhood-onset OCD and tic disorders. Research focuses on the autoimmune theory linking streptococcal infections to these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Childhood-onset neuropsychiatric conditions

Background:

  • The PANDAS criteria established a distinct subgroup of children with childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or tic disorders.
  • These disorders are characterized by prepubertal onset, abrupt symptom exacerbations, and association with Group-A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GAS) infections.
  • Understanding PANDAS is crucial for targeted research into phenomenology and therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic criteria for PANDAS.
  • To explore the proposed autoimmune pathophysiology of PANDAS.
  • To provide a framework for research on PANDAS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the five established diagnostic criteria for PANDAS.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of the theoretical autoimmune mechanism involving GAS infection and cross-reactivity with basal ganglia.
  • Synthesis of current understanding regarding PANDAS etiology.

    • Main Results:

    • The five criteria provide a homogenous subgroup for research.
    • A working hypothesis suggests post-streptococcal autoimmunity, similar to Sydenham's chorea, underlies PANDAS.
    • Antibody cross-reactivity with basal ganglia neurons is postulated as the cause of symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • PANDAS represents a specific subgroup of pediatric neuropsychiatric disorders with a proposed autoimmune basis.
    • Further research into the autoimmune pathophysiology is warranted.
    • The established criteria facilitate systematic investigation of PANDAS.