[Sports and pregnancy]

Area of Science:

• Physiology of Pregnancy
• Exercise Science
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Context:

• Cardiorespiratory responses during pregnancy are similar to non-pregnant states.
• Pregnancy involves physiological changes like weight gain and joint laxity, increasing injury risk.
• Existing guidelines for exercise in pregnancy have evolved significantly over recent decades.

Purpose:

• To review maternal and fetal physiological responses to exercise during pregnancy.
• To discuss the risks, contraindications, and suitability of different exercise types.
• To highlight the benefits of moderate exercise for maternal well-being and fetal health.

Summary:

• Moderate, submaximal aerobic exercise is generally safe and recommended for pregnant women.
• Avoid high-impact or contact sports due to increased risk of injury and potential fetal complications.
• Exercise offers benefits for glucose metabolism, psychological well-being, delivery, and lactation.

Impact:

• Gestational age-adapted exercise supports both maternal and fetal health effectively.
• Evidence supports moderate exercise even for previously inactive pregnant women.
• Consideration of pre-existing conditions and pregnancy pathologies is crucial for safe exercise prescription.