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Coronary microembolization.

Gerd Heusch1, Rainer Schulz, Michael Haude

  • 1Institut für Pathophysiologie, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany.

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
|July 10, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Atherosclerotic plaque rupture can cause coronary microembolization, leading to arrhythmias and microinfarcts. This review explores evidence and prevention strategies for this condition in acute coronary syndromes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pathophysiology
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is central to acute coronary syndromes and interventions.
  • Rupture can lead to microembolization of debris into the coronary microcirculation, not always complete occlusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review morphological, experimental, and clinical evidence of coronary microembolization.
  • To detail its pathophysiology, clinical features, and prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of morphological evidence in deceased patients with coronary artery disease.
  • Analysis of experimental pathophysiology in animal models.
  • Synthesis of clinical evidence in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Morphological evidence supports microembolization in coronary artery disease.
  • Experimental models elucidate pathophysiology.
  • Clinical features include arrhythmias, contractile dysfunction, microinfarcts, and reduced coronary reserve.

Conclusions:

  • Coronary microembolization is a significant consequence of plaque rupture.
  • Clinical features in patients mirror experimental findings.
  • Prevention strategies involve mechanical devices and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonism.