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Role of substance P in hypersensitivity reactions induced by paclitaxel, an anticancer agent
Toshiaki Sendo1, Yoshinori Itoh, Takeshi Goromaru
1Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Abstract:
The role of substance P in adverse pulmonary reactions induced by an anticancer agent paclitaxel was investigated in rats and humans who undertook post-operative chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. In rats, paclitaxel caused a marked plasma extravasation and edema in lungs with a concomitant decrease in arterial partial oxygen pressure, which were reversed by an NK1 antagonist LY303870. Substance P level in rat plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increased after paclitaxel injection. In 13 patients, plasma level of substance P but not histamine significantly (P < 0.05) increased during paclitaxel infusion. Therefore, substance P rather than histamine may be involved in paclitaxel hypersensitivity.
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