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Phosphoric acid as a dentin etchant.

D H Retief1, R S Mandras, C M Russell

  • 1University of Alabama School of Dentistry.

American Journal of Dentistry
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Applying phosphoric acid (H3PO4) to dentin significantly reduced shear bond strength but also decreased microleakage in dental restorations. This impacts bonding agent effectiveness and restoration longevity.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Dentin conditioning is crucial for effective dental bonding.
  • The smear layer's role in bonding and microleakage is a key consideration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) application on dentin.
  • To assess its effect on shear bond strength (SBS) and microleakage of an experimental bonding system.

Main Methods:

  • Human molars and canines were used for shear bond strength and microleakage tests.
  • Dentin was conditioned with either a standard conditioner or 37% H3PO4 gel.
  • Restorations were placed using an experimental bonding system and Bisfil-M composite.
  • Shear bond strength and quantitative microleakage were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) application significantly reduced shear bond strength (SBS) compared to the standard conditioner (7.2 MPa vs. 14.2 MPa).
  • Microleakage was significantly decreased when H3PO4 gel was used for smear layer removal (10.3 µg dye/restoration vs. 30.0 µg dye/restoration).

Conclusions:

  • While H3PO4 application compromises immediate dentin bond strength, it offers a significant advantage in reducing microleakage.
  • This suggests a trade-off between initial bond strength and long-term sealing ability in dental restorations.