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Enterovirus uveitis.

Vasilii A Lashkevich1, Galina A Koroleva, Alexander N Lukashev

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Enterovirus uveitis (EU), a severe infant eye disease, emerged in the 1980s, causing outbreaks and complications like cataracts. Studies explored its virology, epidemiology, and experimental reproduction in primates.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Enterovirus uveitis (EU) is an infant eye disease first identified in 1980.
  • Outbreaks caused by echovirus subtypes EV19/K, EV11/A, and EV11/B affected approximately 750 children in Siberia.
  • The condition leads to rapid iris destruction, cataract, and glaucoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiological, virological, clinical, and experimental data on enterovirus uveitis.
  • To summarize findings on this novel ophthalmic infection in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data from outbreaks and sporadic cases.
  • Virological analysis of enterovirus strains.
  • Clinical observation of affected children.
  • Experimental reproduction of the disease in lower primates.

Main Results:

  • Enterovirus uveitis outbreaks occurred in Siberian cities between 1980-1989.
  • Specific echovirus subtypes were identified as causative agents.
  • The disease caused severe ocular complications in infants.
  • Experimental inoculation reproduced EU in primates, though prototype strains were less virulent.

Conclusions:

  • Enterovirus uveitis represents a significant ophthalmic threat to infants.
  • EU-causing strains share properties with those causing multisystem hemorrhagic disease of newborns.
  • Further research is warranted to understand and prevent this condition.