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Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children

J H Pohl1, J A Greer, K S Hasan

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona 85006, USA.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|July 15, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes is rising rapidly in children, linked to increased obesity. Effective management requires weight reduction programs and physician awareness of this pediatric health trend.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • A significant increase in type 2 diabetes incidence among children has been observed.
  • This rise in pediatric type 2 diabetes is closely associated with the growing prevalence of childhood obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a comprehensive overview of type 2 diabetes in pediatric populations.
  • To discuss effective short-term and long-term management strategies for type 2 diabetes in children.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing the distinctions between various types of diabetes mellitus relevant to children.
  • Detailing methods for accurate diagnosis differentiating type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
  • Outlining clinical management approaches for pediatric type 2 diabetes.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of type 2 diabetes in children shows a dramatic increase, mirroring the rise in obesity.
  • Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to glucose toxicity, impairing pancreatic insulin secretion and potentially requiring insulin therapy at diagnosis.
  • Successful long-term management necessitates weight reduction programs.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity-related diabetes is escalating at an alarming rate in children.
  • Pediatric healthcare providers must recognize this trend and be proficient in managing type 2 diabetes in children.
Abstract

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