Integration of palliative care into primary care for human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Palliative care for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) includes components of pain and symptom management, advance care planning, prioritization of life goals, and the support of individuals and families throughout the entire continuum of the disease. There are numerous social stressors such as stigma, infected family members and caregivers, loss of housing and independent living, and the increasing influence of substance use in all communities. Because many barriers prevent those with advanced disease from getting comprehensive pain and symptom management as well as option planning, it is important for all HIV care providers to improve their knowledge, sensitivity, and competence regarding this aspect of care. This article provides an overview of critical issues in palliative care and information on how best to improve HIV primary care.