Reference axes for reconstruction of the knee

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

• Proper knee alignment is critical for successful reconstructive surgery outcomes.
• Various reference parameters exist to guide surgeons in achieving optimal knee alignment during procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review commonly utilized reference axes for both axial and rotational knee alignment.
• To evaluate the reliability and clinical relevance of these reference parameters in knee surgery.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of established reference axes for knee alignment.
• Analysis of axial and rotational parameters used in knee reconstructive surgery.

Main Results:

• Identified and categorized the most frequently employed reference axes for knee alignment.
• Highlighted the strengths and limitations of each reviewed parameter regarding reliability and clinical application.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the reliability and clinical relevance of different reference axes is vital for improving surgical outcomes in knee reconstruction.
• Further research may refine existing parameters or introduce novel methods for precise knee alignment.