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Movement disorders and AIDS: a review.
Winona Tse1, Maria G Cersosimo, Jean-Michel Gracies
1Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1052, New York, NY 10029, USA. winonatse@hotmail.com
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
|July 21, 2004
Summary
Movement disorders like parkinsonism can be early signs of HIV infection, affecting the brain's movement control centers. This review covers AIDS-related movement disorders, their causes, and treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Movement disorders are a recognized neurologic complication of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
- These disorders can sometimes be the initial presentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
- Dopaminergic system dysfunction and HIV's impact on subcortical brain structures are implicated in AIDS-related movement disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical presentations, etiology, and treatment of hypokinetic and hyperkinetic movement disorders in AIDS patients.
- To summarize current understanding of the pathophysiology of parkinsonism in the context of HIV infection.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of clinical presentations, etiology, and treatment of AIDS-related movement disorders.
- Synthesis of current research on the pathophysiology of parkinsonism in HIV infection.
Main Results:
- Discusses various AIDS-related movement disorders including parkinsonism, chorea, myoclonus, and dystonia.
- Highlights the role of dopaminergic dysfunction and subcortical structure involvement in HIV-associated movement disorders.
Conclusions:
- Movement disorders are significant neurologic manifestations of AIDS and HIV infection.
- Understanding the pathophysiology is crucial for developing effective treatments for these debilitating conditions.