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Streptococcus milleri group: renewed interest in an elusive pathogen
S C Piscitelli1, J Shwed, P Schreckenberger
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
Summary
The Streptococcus milleri group, including S. intermedius, S. constellatus, and S. anginosus, are often unrecognized pathogens causing pyogenic infections. Understanding their characteristics is key for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- The Streptococcus milleri group comprises Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus constellatus, and Streptococcus anginosus.
- These bacteria are commonly found as commensals but are increasingly recognized as pathogens in various pyogenic infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the bacteriological features, epidemiology, pathogenicity, and antimicrobial susceptibility of the Streptococcus milleri group.
- To highlight challenges in identification and classification that contribute to their underestimation as pathogens.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on Streptococcus milleri group.
- Analysis of bacteriological characteristics, clinical associations, and antimicrobial data.
Main Results:
- The Streptococcus milleri group is associated with diverse infections, including cardiac, abdominal, skin, and central nervous system infections.
- Difficulties in microbiological identification and classification hinder recognition of these organisms as pathogens.
- Penicillin G, cephalosporins, clindamycin, and vancomycin show activity against these streptococci.
Conclusions:
- Accurate identification and understanding of the Streptococcus milleri group are crucial for effective clinical management.
- Inappropriate antibiotic choices may foster infections and pathogenicity of these bacteria.
- Further research into classification and diagnostics is needed to improve patient outcomes.