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Minimally invasive spinal surgery: a historical perspective.
Issada Thongtrangan1, Hoang Le, Jon Park
1Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California 94305-5327, USA.
Neurosurgical Focus
|July 22, 2004
Summary
Minimally invasive spinal surgery aims for open surgery outcomes with less patient injury. Advances in technology have expanded these techniques across the entire spine.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Spinal Surgery
Background:
- Minimally invasive spinal surgery (MISS) seeks to replicate open surgery outcomes while reducing iatrogenic injury.
- Technological advancements including microscopy, lasers, endoscopy, and image guidance form the basis of MISS.
Observation:
- MISS techniques have been applied to all spinal regions since the 20th century.
- Procedures range from lumbar disc treatments (chemonucleolysis, discectomy) to thoracic (deformity correction, tumor resection) and cervical spine interventions.
Findings:
- Evolution of techniques includes thoracoscopy, laparoscopy-assisted procedures, and image-guided pedicle screw placement.
- Recent advancements enable minimally invasive treatment for cervical spine disorders, such as endoscope-assisted transoral surgery and cervical laminectomy.
Implications:
- Continued innovation in optics, imaging, biologics, and instrumentation will drive further applications in MISS.
- MISS offers a pathway to improved patient recovery and reduced morbidity in spinal interventions.