Bone mineral metabolism changes in epileptic children receiving valproic acid
N Oner1, M Kaya, S Karasalihoğlu
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey. nacioner@trakya.edu.tr
Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in epileptic children receiving valproic acid (VPA) and to determine differences between osteopenic and non-osteopenic children.
Methods:
Thirty-three epileptic children, receiving VPA for at least 6 months, were compared with 33 healthy children for BMD. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at lumbar vertebrae, femoral neck and greater trochanter. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphates, osteocalcin and VPA levels were also determined.
Results:
Patient's osteocalcin levels were significantly higher (P = 0.02) and femur and trochanter BMD values were significantly lower (P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). Duration of VPA therapy was significantly longer and doses of VPA were significantly higher in seven osteopenic patients compared with 26 non-osteopenic patients. Osteopenic patients (4.6 +/- 2.4 years) were younger than non-osteopenic patients (7.8 +/- 3.2 years) (P = 0.01).
Conclusion:
Long-term and high dose VPA therapy may cause osteopenia, primarily in younger epileptic children. These patients should be followed closely by BMD measurements.
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