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Related Experiment Videos

Clonidine for smoking cessation.

S G Gourlay1, L F Stead, N L Benowitz

  • 116 Manning Street, Queens Park, Australia, NSW 2022. gourlaysf@yahoo.com

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 22, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Clonidine may help smokers quit by reducing withdrawal symptoms. However, side effects like dry mouth and sedation can limit its usefulness for smoking cessation.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Clonidine, initially developed for hypertension, acts on the central nervous system.
  • It has shown potential in mitigating withdrawal symptoms associated with various addictive behaviors, including nicotine dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of clonidine as a smoking cessation aid.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials on clonidine's effectiveness in helping individuals quit smoking.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) sourced from the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register (search up to May 2004).
  • Inclusion criteria focused on RCTs comparing clonidine to placebo with smoking cessation outcomes assessed at least 12 weeks post-treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Data extraction included participant characteristics, clonidine dosage and duration, outcomes, randomization methods, and follow-up completeness. Meta-analysis was performed using a fixed-effect model.

    • Main Results:

    • Six trials (three oral, three transdermal clonidine) met the inclusion criteria; five trials included behavioral counseling.
    • Clonidine demonstrated a statistically significant effect in promoting smoking cessation, with a pooled odds ratio of 1.89 (95% CI 1.30 to 2.74) compared to placebo.
    • A high incidence of dose-dependent side effects, notably dry mouth and sedation, was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Clonidine appears effective in aiding smoking cessation, based on limited trial data.
    • Potential sources of bias in the included trials warrant consideration.
    • The prevalence of significant side effects may restrict the clinical utility of clonidine for smoking cessation.