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Related Experiment Videos

Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia.

G Lodi1, A Sardella, C Bez

  • 1Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Università di Milano, Via Beldiletto 1/3, Milano, Italy, 20142.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 22, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Current treatments for oral leukoplakia do not prevent malignant transformation. While some therapies may resolve lesions, they often lead to relapses and side effects, with no proven benefit against cancer development.

Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Evidence-Based Dentistry

Background:

  • Oral leukoplakia is a common oral lesion with a significant potential for malignant transformation into oral cancer.
  • Most oral leukoplakia cases are asymptomatic, underscoring the need for effective treatments to prevent cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically assess the effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of various treatments for oral leukoplakia.
  • To evaluate interventions aimed at preventing the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia into cancer.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of multiple databases (Cochrane, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE) and handsearching of key journals was conducted.
  • Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating surgical or medical treatments for oral leukoplakia were included, with malignant transformation as the primary outcome.

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  • Study validity was assessed, and data were analyzed using relative risk, with meta-analysis performed where appropriate.

    • Main Results:

    • No randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated surgical interventions like laser therapy or cryotherapy for oral leukoplakia.
    • Seven RCTs on non-surgical interventions (Vitamin A, retinoids, bleomycin, mixed tea, beta carotene) were included; none demonstrated a significant benefit in preventing malignant transformation compared to placebo.
    • Treatments with beta carotene and vitamin A/retinoids showed significant clinical resolution rates, but high relapse rates and common adverse effects were noted, although patient acceptance was generally good.

    Conclusions:

    • There is currently no evidence to support the effectiveness of any treatment in preventing the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia.
    • While some treatments may lead to lesion resolution, they are associated with frequent relapses and adverse effects, necessitating further research into effective preventative strategies.